<div dir="auto"><div>Whew .... Max & Jim. </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">I read both of your responses & came away with the feeling that (as you said, Jim) ... the non-working horn is a v-e-r-y complicated issue. And may be fairly common.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">And each of our cars MAY have one, or multiple failures in the wiring/connection/modules.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">After reading both of your entire messages my brain is "overloaded" with the seemingly enless possibilities of where the problem may exist.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Max: Thanks.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Jim: Thanks for your analysis. Now I understand why you've never spent time trying to track the "horn problem" on any of your cars.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">I hope you can archive your comments for future reference.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Maybe when the weather improves and neither of us have a day when we have nothing better to do (Haha) we can spend some time working on one of your cars. I can be your "second person" ... </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">If you're successful with that, maybe my car is next in line to solve my non-working horn.</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">But I fully understand that each of our cars may have a completely different problem.</div><div dir="auto">---------</div><div dir="auto">If you are scheduled to be a "presenter" at the 2026 Invasion in Eau Claire, WI in June, would this be a possible subject for you to tackle?</div><div dir="auto">-------------</div><div dir="auto">Although much of Wisconsin is under Weather Alerts with double-digit, below zero temperatures, we have appointments that require us to go out. 😆</div><div><br></div><div data-smartmail="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr">Gary F. - Oregon WI</div></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Fri, Jan 23, 2026, 12:58 AM <<a href="mailto:jadney@vwtype3.org">jadney@vwtype3.org</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">On 22 Jan 2026 at 13:27, Max Welton wrote:<br>
<br>
> Jim, disconnecting the horn in this case means disconnecting the<br>
> positive wire at the horn.<br>
<br>
Good, this means that the problem must be IN the horn or in the ground side <br>
of the circuit.<br>
<br>
> The horn wire is connected as it should be. With everything connected,<br>
> the horn sounds when it should.<br>
<br>
Seems odd, but we may find out later why it's working this way.<br>
<br>
> If, however, I remove the ground strap from the battery, I measure 12<br>
> volts of potential between the battery terminal and the strap. This<br>
> goes to zero with the horn disconnected at the horn.<br>
<br>
Interesting test, good data. Following that lead, here's what you can test <br>
next. Put the + wire back on the horn and disconnect the brown ground wire. <br>
Measure the voltage between the - horn terminal and the brown wire.<br>
<br>
If you measure ~0 V, the problem is in the horn. In that case, you could <br>
remove both wires and measure the resistance between either terminal and <br>
the horn body. It should be infinite. I've never seen a horn problem like this, <br>
but anything's possible.<br>
<br>
If you measure ~12 V, the problem is somewhere in the ground circuit wiring <br>
between the horn and the steering column. <br>
<br>
In the latter case, I recommend that you measure the resistance between the <br>
disconnected brown wire and the body. If you have a second person <br>
available, have them watch your meter while you wiggle wires. They should <br>
see a change in resistance as you get close to the problem.<br>
<br>
> One thing to note is that due to the front beam being freshly<br>
> powder-coated I ran a ground wire from the steering box to the<br>
> chassis. Without that, the horn wouldn't sound at all. I've run<br>
> similar grounding wires for the rear signals and the fuel sender.<br>
<br>
There is an OE brown wire that jumps from the steering gearbox to the top <br>
bolt for the clamp that holds the beam to the pan horns (not the horn that's <br>
on topic here.) That wire is necessary not because of paint on the beam but <br>
because the rubber beam mounts keep the beam electricaly isolated from <br>
the body. Yes, if it is not installed, the horn won't work.<br>
<br>
If the horn checks out okay, there must be a mild short between the brown <br>
wire that returns to the steering column and ground. It's important to <br>
understand that there are two halves to the ground side circuit. The "hot" half <br>
runs from the horn up to the TS switch on the steering column. The "cold" <br>
side runs down the inside of the steering shaft to the steering gearbox and <br>
then to the pan (ground.) The horn button in the center of the steering wheel <br>
is what separates the two halves.<br>
<br>
The wire that goe down the steering shaft is not the problem, as that's on the <br>
"cold" (always grounded) side of the horn switch contacts.<br>
<br>
It seems likely that this brown wire, that goes up with the other TS wires, <br>
must be pinched or abaded somewhere. It's important to find it, because it's <br>
likely to be a full short eventually.<br>
<br>
The problem could also be in the horn switch itself. The horn contacts are <br>
part of the center of the horn ring at the center of the steering wheel. The <br>
horn ring is mounted/suspended by 3 shoulder screws with insulators and <br>
springs. Under each shoulder there should be an external star lock washer. If <br>
one or more of those lockwashers is left out, the horn will tend to honk <br>
randomly. It's also possible that if left out, there might be a poor contact <br>
there that drains the battery without sounding the horn.<br>
<br>
Sorry, this was long and, as I said, complicated.<br>
<br>
-- <br>
*******************************<br>
Jim Adney, <a href="mailto:jadney@vwtype3.org" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">jadney@vwtype3.org</a><br>
Madison, Wisconsin, USA<br>
*******************************<br>
<br>
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</blockquote></div>